Overview
A user operation is a signed action from a smart account that bundlers process in ERC-4337. It is the account-abstraction analog of a transaction. It specifies the action, signature, and gas preferences.
How It Works
A user signs a user operation describing the action their smart account should take. Bundlers validate and include it, and the entry point executes it. Paymasters can cover its gas.
Why It Matters
User operations enable programmable account validation and sponsored transactions. They are the unit of execution for account abstraction. Understanding them is key to building smart-account applications.
Related Concepts
User Operations are part of ERC-4337, related to Bundlers, Paymasters, and Smart Accounts. They abstract the traditional transaction.